Final answer:
To find direction when lost, consider using landmarks, the pole star for north, and a compass for magnetic north; all three combined offer a comprehensive means to orient yourself no matter the location.
Step-by-step explanation:
The factors to be considered in finding one's direction in case of being lost include: landmarks, stars, and compass, so the answer is d. All of the above. Landmarks provide visual cues on the Earth's surface to gauge your location. The stars, specifically the pole star, can help you determine north at night and, by extension, the other cardinal directions (east, west, south). A compass, meanwhile, uses the Earth's magnetic field to point towards magnetic north, which is a reliable means to find your bearing. Knowing the latitude by the elevation angle of the pole star is also helpful for navigation. It's essential to understand that the apparent motion of the stars differs based on your latitude, affecting how you perceive the direction of star rise and set.