Final answer:
Polymorphism in biology refers to the existence of multiple forms, or phenotypes, within a population of a species. It occurs when a gene has more than one allele, resulting in different traits or characteristics. The benefits of polymorphism include increased genetic variation, which can enhance a species' ability to adapt to changing environments and improve the overall fitness of the population.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polymorphism in biology refers to the existence of multiple forms, or phenotypes, within a population of a species. It occurs when a gene has more than one allele, resulting in different traits or characteristics. The benefits of polymorphism include increased genetic variation, which can enhance a species' ability to adapt to changing environments and improve the overall fitness of the population.
Other closely related concepts include natural selection, which is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their effect on survival and reproductive success. Polymorphisms can be influenced by natural selection when one form or allele is favored over another due to its fitness advantage in a specific environment.
Gene flow is another important concept related to polymorphism, referring to the movement of alleles between different populations through migration. This can contribute to the spread and maintenance of polymorphisms across different geographical regions.