Final answer:
Noncarbonate hardness requires water softening to remove calcium and magnesium minerals from hard water. Water softening can be done through lime softening or ion-exchange resins.
Step-by-step explanation:
Noncarbonate hardness, which includes calcium and magnesium sulfates and chlorides, requires a process called water softening to remove these minerals from hard water.
Water softening is typically done using lime softening or ion-exchange resins. In lime softening, calcium hydroxide is added to the hard water, which raises the pH and causes calcium and magnesium to precipitate as insoluble compounds that can be filtered out. This process helps reduce scale build-up in plumbing and allows soap to be more effective.