Final answer:
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) describes the shift from high birth and death rates to low rates in a country's development process. It includes four or five stages, reflecting population changes from pre-industrial to post-industrial society. Sketching the DTM involves a graph depicting these changes over time.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) describes how a country's population dynamics change as it develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economy. This model has four stages: Stage 1 is characterized by high birth and death rates resulting in stable population levels.
Stage 2 shows a rapid decline in death rates while birth rates remain high, leading to population growth. In Stage 3, birth rates start to decline, reducing the rate of population growth. Finally, Stage 4 achieves low birth and death rates, stabilizing the population again.
Stage 5, which some models include, suggests that the birth rate may fall slightly lower than the death rate, causing a slight population to decline or a stable but aging population. The green line in the model represents birth rates, the orange line represents death rates, and the dotted blue line indicates the rate of natural increase or the population growth rate. These factors combined give insights into the cost of the demographic transition, as resources must support the surge in population during the transition.
On an exam, you would typically sketch the model as a graph with 'Time' or 'Stages of Development' on the x-axis and 'Birth/Death Rates' on the y-axis, showing the changes in these rates as countries develop economically.