Final answer:
The founding of the SCLC by Martin Luther King Jr. was a key event that led to organized nonviolent protests and major civil rights campaigns like the Birmingham campaign and the Montgomery Bus Boycott, resulting in significant advancements in civil rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The diagram that showcases the cause-and-effect relationship resulting from the activism of Martin Luther King Jr., particularly the founding of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), is one that would demonstrate how his leadership and the formation of the SCLC enabled a series of critical nonviolent protests and significant civil rights campaigns.
The most renowned campaigns include the Birmingham campaign, the execution of peaceful protests, the effective use of civil disobedience, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott that led to important achievements like the desegregation of buses following Rosa Parks' defiance. These protests and boycotts were strategic and organized through the SCLC, which exemplified the strength and impact of organized, peaceful resistance, providing momentum for subsequent civil rights advancements. Additionally, King's arrest and the writing of the Letter from a Birmingham Jail became iconic moments representing the fight for civil rights and exemplified the powerful narrative that action was necessary and the time to wait had passed.