Question

What factors do the valencies of transition elements depend upon? At least 2 points.

a) Atomic number and electron configuration
b) Atomic mass and ionization energy
c) Number of isotopes and nuclear charge
d) Electronegativity and atomic radius

Answer 1

The valencies of transition elements depend on factors such as electron configuration and atomic radius.

Step-by-step explanation:

The valencies of transition elements depend on several factors, including their electron configuration and their atomic radius. The electron configuration determines the number and arrangement of electrons in the atom, which in turn affects the atom's ability to form bonds. The atomic radius, on the other hand, refers to the size of the atom and influences how easily it can share or transfer electrons with other atoms.

For example, transition elements with a stable electron configuration, such as the elements in Group 18 (noble gases), generally have a valency of 0 because they already have a complete outer electron shell. In contrast, transition elements in groups 1 and 2 tend to have a valency equal to their group number because they have one or two electrons in their outer shell, respectively.