Final answer:
When bacteria are found in the blood, the condition is known as bacteremia, which can escalate to septicemia if bacteria begin reproducing in the bloodstream. Hence, option 1) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
When bacteria are found in the blood, the condition is referred to as bacteremia. Bacteremia implies the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, which is often transient and can occur through daily activities such as tooth brushing. However, if the bacteria are reproducing in the blood and spreading, the condition develops into septicemia.
Septicemia is a more severe form of bacteremia, often with dangerous complications such as systemic inflammation, also known as sepsis, and potentially leading to septic shock. The presence of viruses in the blood is termed viremia, and if microbial toxins are found in the blood, the state is known as toxemia.
Once bacteria penetrate through a breach in the skin or mucosa, they can enter the circulatory system. If the immune response to the infection is unable to promptly clear the bacteria, it can result in serious health concerns like septic shock. This condition can cause a significant drop in blood pressure, leading to multiple organ failure and even death.