Question

Which of the following is the science that encompasses the study of water on the Earth's surface and beneath the surface of the Earth, the occurrence and movement of water, the physical and chemical properties of water, and its relationship with the living and material components of the environment?

1) Hydrology
2) Hydraulic Engineering
3) River Engineering
4) Coastal Engineering
5) Watershed Management
6) Groundwater Hydraulics

Answer 1

Hydrology is the science that studies water in all its forms and cycles on and below the Earth's surface and its interactions with the environment.

Step-by-step explanation:

The science that you are asking about, which encompasses the study of water on the Earth's surface and beneath the surface of the Earth, the occurrence and movement of water, the physical and chemical properties of water, and its relationship with living and material components of the environment, is known as Hydrology. Hydrology examines the water cycle, which is the continuous movement of water as it changes states between liquid, solid (ice), and vapor within the hydrosphere. The hydrosphere includes all areas of Earth where water is stored or moves, such as rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater, glaciers, and water vapor in the atmosphere. Understanding hydrology is vital for managing water resources, predicting environmental changes, and addressing issues like erosion, water quality, and the impacts of geographic factors.