Final answer:
The study in question is known as geotechnical engineering, which is integral to the field of agricultural engineering for the design and management of soil and water resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of the behavior of soils under the influence of loading forces and soil-water interactions is known as geotechnical engineering. This field encompasses the understanding of the mechanics of soil and rock, and how they can be applied to the design of foundations, retaining structures, and other construction-related projects. Geotechnical engineering is crucial in ensuring the stability and safety of structures and plays a significant role in agricultural engineering, where knowledge of soil properties is essential for designing machinery, soil conservation techniques, and water management systems.
A solid foundation in subjects such as geology, chemistry, and biology is instrumental for soil scientists who also delve into this study. They analyze soil morphology, formation, and distribution, which are all part of the diverse sphere of soils known as the deeds of the soil, the dynamics of the soil, and the diversity of soils. By understanding these properties, soil scientists and geotechnical engineers contribute to the sustainable development and management of land resources.
Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is 1) Geotechnical engineering.