Final answer:
The correct answer is option d. All three options provided, (a) To begin with, (b) In the first place, and (c) Initially, can be used effectively to start the paragraphs in an essay when elaborating on different causes listed in the thesis statement.
Step-by-step explanation:
When structuring body paragraphs in an essay that outlines several causes of an event, it is important to start each paragraph clearly and effectively to orient the reader. Options like (a) To begin with, (b) In the first place, and (c) Initially all serve as appropriate transitions to introduce the main idea of each paragraph. Using these phrases helps to delineate the structure of the essay and guides the reader through the progression of your arguments.
For example, if you were discussing the causes that led to US involvement in World War II, you might start one paragraph with "To begin with, the Great Depression played a significant role in the decision to enter the war". Notice how this establishes a cause and prepares the reader for the detailed explanation to follow. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence that relates back to the thesis statement, with evidence and analysis that support the initial claim.
In sum, the correct option to the student's question would be (d) All of the above, since each introductory phrase can effectively launch a body paragraph that elaborates on an individual cause detailed in the thesis statement. However, it's also crucial to vary your language throughout the essay to maintain reader interest and ensure smooth transitions between points.