Final answer:
Orthodox Jews maintain their culture and lifestyle primarily due to their religious beliefs, historical traditions, and the continuous adaptation and interpretation of their customs throughout history. The formation of such practices during the Babylonian exile, diligent preservation, and scripture study have allowed them to retain a unique identity despite geographical dispersion and social pressures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Orthodox Jewish lifestyle and adherence to tradition stem largely from their religious beliefs shaped by historical events. During their exile in Babylon, Hebrews developed a set of religious customs, including marriage laws, dietary laws, such as keeping a kosher diet, and the duty to study sacred texts, to preserve their identity. The Torah, compiled by the prophet Ezra, became the foundation for a 'mobile tradition' allowing Jews to maintain religious practices wherever they settled, helping them survive as a distinct people despite diaspora and persecution.
Further, the historical tradition of Judaism, compliance with the laws of Moses, and community ethics fostered a unique Jewish identity, observable in their day-to-day lives, including observing the Sabbath and dietary restrictions. Jewish society also experienced internal debates, like those between the Sadducees and Pharisees, shaping their religious observance. This richness of history and belief system explains why Orthodox Jews uphold their culture and lifestyle in the ways they do.
The Jewish people have also experienced varying degrees of assimilation depending on their geographic and cultural environments. In some cases, Jews have adopted the culture of non-Jewish neighbors, while in other instances, they have maintained a distinct cultural presence. However, in all instances, key aspects of Jewish culture, such as religious observance and community connection, play instrumental roles in defining their way of life.