Question

What is Vander Waal's Forces (Bonding)?

1) Forces between molecules
2) Forces between atoms
3) Forces between ions
4) Forces between protons and electrons

Answer 1

Van der Waals forces are intermolecular forces including dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and London dispersion forces, arising from temporary or permanent attractions between neutral molecules.

Step-by-step explanation:

Van der Waals forces refer to the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules, which include several intermolecular forces such as dipole-dipole interactions, dipole-induced dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. These forces are named after Dutch chemist Johannes van der Waals, who is responsible for introducing these concepts. Van der Waals forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force and do not include forces due to covalent or ionic bonding or the attraction between ions and molecules. The London dispersion force is present in all condensed phases and arises from temporary, instantaneous dipoles that can occur when electrons are distributed asymmetrically within atoms or molecules, leading to temporary attractions between these particles. Polar molecules have permanent dipoles and interact through dipole-dipole forces, while nonpolar molecules primarily exhibit London dispersion forces due to these induced dipoles.