Final answer:
Claudius Ptolemy created a mythological system centered on the phases of history related to astrology, specifically natal astrology, in the 2nd century BCE. His work, including the 'Tetrabiblos', influenced astrology and astronomy for many centuries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who created his own mythological system was Claudius Ptolemy, known for his influential work in both astrology and astronomy during the 2nd century BCE. Ptolemy's system, which has had a lasting impact on the field of astrology, was centered around the belief in the influence of celestial bodies on human destiny, known as natal astrology. His Tetrabiblos, a comprehensive treatise on astrology, became a foundational text for the practice and has been referred to as the "bible" of astrology.
While Ptolemy's system does not align with the phases of history in the same way as Manetho's structuring of Egyptian history or the mythological systems recorded by other historical figures, his work significantly shaped the understanding of the cosmos and its supposed effects on individuals and civilizations alike. His theories regarding the movements of celestial bodies without the need for epicycles also contributed to the development of the heliocentric model, although this model did not gain widespread acceptance until centuries after Ptolemy's time.