Final answer:
The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party was formed during Freedom Summer as a challenge to the racially exclusive Mississippi Democratic Party, playing a significant role in the civil rights movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political organization formed during Freedom Summer is known as the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP). During the Freedom Summer campaign of 1964, civil rights activists including Fannie Lou Hamer, Ella Baker, and Robert Parris Moses established the MFDP as a direct challenge to the exclusionary practices of the all-White Mississippi Democratic Party. The MFDP represented a crucial effort in the fight for civil rights, advocating for the inclusion of African Americans in the political process and protesting the systematic disenfranchisement that was prevalent in Mississippi and the Deep South.
Despite facing intense violence and oppression, with three civil rights workers being killed by the Ku Klux Klan in collaboration with the police, the MFDP highlighted the severe racial injustices and brought national attention to the civil rights struggles of African Americans. The 1964 Democratic National Convention organizers would later confine the MFDP delegates to nonvoting observer roles, highlighting the ongoing challenges the party faced in its efforts to achieve equality and recognition.