Final answer:
Dystopian literature commonly showcases themes of excessive government control, loss of individuality, pervasive surveillance, and dehumanization, warning of potential future societal issues. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dystopian literature often portrays grim future scenarios where government control, loss of individual freedom, surveillance and monitoring, and dehumanization are prevalent themes. These facets of dystopian narratives serve as cautionary elements, reflecting societal anxieties. For example, in George Orwell's '1984,' we see a centralized government exerting totalitarian control over nearly every aspect of life, establishing a society devoid of critical thinking and personal autonomy. Additionally, the technological advancements of modern society have realized the panoptic surveillance described in '1984', where our every move can be monitored through digital means, as highlighted by social scientists and the journal Surveillance and Society. These themes resonate through time and cultures because they reflect fundamental conflicts between individual liberties and governmental powers, as well as the intrinsic concern for the balance of power within any society.