Final answer:
Marcus Garvey was a Black nationalist leader who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) during the 1920s.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marcus Garvey was a Black nationalist leader who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) during the 1920s. The UNIA was one of the largest Black organizations in American history, with over one million members. Garvey's movement focused on promoting Black pride and self-reliance among African-Americans. He initiated a "Back to Africa" movement, advocating for African-Americans to return to Africa to build a separate society. Garvey's legacy set the stage for future Black nationalist leaders like Malcolm X and the Black Power movement of the 1960s.
Garvey's influence extended to the creation of the Black Star Steamship Line and inspiring ideas of a 'Back to Africa' movement, with the goal of returning African Americans to their ancestral lands. Unfortunately, Garvey's efforts were marred by legal troubles, leading to his imprisonment for mail fraud and eventual deportation. Despite these setbacks, Garvey's legacy lived on, influencing later civil rights movements and leaders such as Malcolm X and the Black Power movement in the 1960s.