Final answer:
Matthew's surprise can be understood through various artworks showing his astonishment at divine encounters, such as the 'Calling of Saint Matthew' by Caravaggio.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chapter titled 'Matthew is surprised' could be interpreted as Matthew encountering something unexpected or astonishing, given the different artistic representations of him. This element of surprise is a recurring theme depicted in various artworks and stories related to Matthew. For example, in the Calling of Saint Matthew, Caravaggio's use of light spotlights the moment of surprise when Christ calls Matthew to follow him, highlighting Matthew's astonishment at being chosen. Similarly, the tension and urgency conveyed through posture and expression in the Ebbo and Coronation Gospels illustrates the surprise of divine inspiration while Matthew writes. The chapter could also be drawing on the typical reactions of surprise faced by New Testament figures, as seen in the artistic depiction of tax collectors and disciples encountering miraculous deeds.