Final answer:
The genetic information is coded in DNA by the sequence of the nucleotides, and this sequence determines the genetic instructions in living organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genetic information is encoded in DNA by the sequence of the nucleotides. DNA is a molecule made up of nucleotides, each consisting of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The sequence of the four types of bases—adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C)—is what encodes genetic information.These nitrogenous bases form pairs according to specific rules: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). This complementary base pairing, along with the sugar-phosphate backbone, forms the iconic double-helical structure of DNA, with two strands running antiparallel to each other.
However, it's not the sugar and phosphate, the three-dimensional structure of the double helix, or the arrangement of the histones that encode the genetic information, but rather the order or sequence of these nucleotide bases. The genetic information is encoded in DNA by the sequence of the nucleotides. DNA is composed of nucleotides, which consist of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. The sequence of these nucleotides forms the genetic code that determines the traits and characteristics of an organism.