Final answer:
The use of winds with multi-part music in the Protestant Church began to increase in the nineteenth century, largely due to the Industrial Revolution's improvements in instrument mechanics and a new artistic climate fostered by the Reformation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of winds with multi-part music in the Protestant Church increased during the nineteenth century. This change can be attributed to technological advancements stemming from the Industrial Revolution. With significant improvements in the mechanical valves and keys of woodwind and brass instruments, it became easier to play these instruments with more reliability and a fuller sound. Consequently, relations between strings and keyboard instruments, which dominated the Baroque and Classical periods, began to shift. More winds were added to orchestras and their roles became increasingly central and complex.
In a religious context, these musical developments were mirrored in the Protestant churches, particularly after the Reformation. The emerging Protestant denominations, including those in the Dutch Republic, cultivated a new artistic climate which favored the inclusion of these improved instrumental forms in their liturgical music. This led to an expansion in the use of wind instruments in multi-part church music.