Final answer:
A statechart or STD is a diagrammatic representation of the states and transitions of a system, while a dialog map outlines the sequence of user interfaces or screens. An example is an ATM statechart with states like 'Idle', 'Card Inserted', and transitions like entering PIN or selecting a transaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Statecharts, also known as state diagrams or state transition diagrams (STD), are a form of hierarchical state machine in computer science used to represent the behavioral patterns of a system. They map out states and the transitions between those states that an entity can go through in response to events, representing how the system reacts over time.
A dialog map is closely related and typically used in user interface design to showcase the flow of dialogs or screens a user interacts with.
For example, consider an ATM machine. A simple statechart for an ATM might have states such as 'Idle', 'Card Inserted', 'PIN Entered', 'Transactions', and 'Card Ejected'. The transitions could be respectively triggered by inserting a card, entering the correct PIN, selecting a transaction, completing it, and ejecting the card. This visualization helps to understand and manage the complex logic of user interaction with an ATM.