Final answer:
Survival in a harsh environment involved learning to forage for food, creating fire for warmth and drying clothes, finding water, and becoming resilient and resourceful in the face of adversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
To survive in a harsh environment, Buck and others in similar situations learned several key survival skills and strategies. They learned to adapt to the scarcity of food and the need to hunt or forage for sustenance, as shown by the pursuit of the squirrel. A critical skill was creating fire, which was essential for warmth in extreme cold temperatures and for drying wet clothing to prevent frostbite and hypothermia.
Additionally, those faced with the wild learned to navigate and find water sources, as noted by Venters discovering a spring. To cope with the solitude and dangers of the wilderness, it was necessary to become resourceful and resilient while maintaining a constructive attitude towards temporary discomfort, drawing on the confidence-building experience of overcoming adversity.