Final answer:
After an axonal injury, the regeneration of peripheral nerves is guided by Schwann cells, which are responsible for myelinating and repairing axons. Hence, option (2) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by Schwann cells. These cells are a type of glial cell responsible for producing the myelin sheath that insulates axons in the peripheral nervous system. Unlike oligodendrocytes, which are present in the central nervous system (CNS) and can insulate multiple axon segments, a Schwann cell exclusively wraps around a single segment of an axon.
The nucleus and cytoplasm of the Schwann cell are located on the edge of the myelin sheath. This is crucial following injury as these Schwann cells also play a significant role in repairing and regenerating damaged nerves by forming a regeneration tube that assists the growing axon to reinnervate the correct targets.