Final answer:
The US agency responsible for gathering and analyzing pollution data is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), established in 1970 to protect human health and the environment by enforcing environmental regulations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The US agency responsible for gathering and analyzing pollution data is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is a federal agency established in 1970 with the mandate to protect human health and the environment. The agency's responsibilities include environmental assessment, research, education, enforcement of environmental laws, and maintaining and enforcing national standards under a variety of environmental legislations. The EPA works in consultation with state, tribal, and local governments and has the power to enforce regulations through fines, sanctions, and other measures.
The EPA is also involved in voluntary pollution prevention programs and energy conservation efforts. It conducts research and promotes education regarding the environment, ensuring that businesses comply with regulations to prevent excessive pollution of the nation's air and waterways. It is an independent executive agency that directly reports to Congress for oversight and funding.