Final answer:
When sulfur burns in plentiful air, the product formed is sulfur dioxide (SO₂), which is option 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sulfur dioxide is known for being an intermediate in the production of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). Burning sulfur in excess oxygen leads to the reaction:
S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g)
As for calculating the volume of SO₂ produced when burning 1.00 kg of sulfur, you would have to apply the ideal gas law and conversion factors that relate weight to moles. Sulfur dioxide also plays a role in forming sulfur trioxide (SO₃) which is crucial for sulfuric acid production, and can combine with water to form acid rain, contributing to environmental issues such as smog.
Large amounts of SO₂ can be released into the atmosphere through both natural processes such as volcanic eruptions and human activities like burning coal. This has led to complexities in balancing environmental concerns between reducing acid rain and potential implications for global warming.
Thus, the correct answer is option 4.