Final answer:
The sentence uses simile, a type of figurative language that compares individuals to toy soldiers, highlighting their disciplined and uniform salute.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sentence 'As they left, they stood in a row together like toy soldiers and their arms shot out in the same way that Father had taught Bruno to salute...' incorporates simile, a figurative language device.
Simile is used here to compare the coordinated manner in which the individuals stood and saluted to toy soldiers, using the word 'like' to make the comparison. This figurative language paints a vivid picture of the uniformity and discipline in their movement, reminiscent of the inanimate and identical positioning of toy soldiers.