Final answer:
Antacids typically contain basic compounds such as MgCO₃, CaCO₃, Mg(OH)₂, and NaHCO₃, which act to neutralize stomach acid and relieve symptoms like heartburn. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are commonly used ingredients in such products.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ingredients in antacids typically include compounds that can neutralize stomach acid. These compounds are basic in nature. Common ingredients found in antacids are:
MgCO₃ (Magnesium carbonate)
CaCO₃ (Calcium carbonate)
Mg(OH)₂ (Magnesium hydroxide)
NaHCO₃ (Sodium bicarbonate)
For example, calcium carbonate is an active ingredient in many over-the-counter chewable antacids which neutralizes stomach acid and may lead to the production of carbon dioxide, potentially causing a belch.
Magnesium hydroxide is another common ingredient, used in products like Milk of Magnesia, and it can also neutralize stomach acid but may have a laxative effect. Antacid formulations sometimes combine different ingredients to balance their effects and prevent side effects like constipation or diarrhea.