Final answer:
The chemical equation H+ + OH- ⇌ H2O represents a neutralization reaction option(1), where an acid and a base react to form water. This type of reaction is a common acid-base reaction and is exemplified in the reaction of sulfuric acid with barium hydroxide to produce water and salt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation H+ + OH⁻ ↔ H2O represents a neutralization reaction. In this process, a hydrogen ion, which is an acid, combines with a hydroxide ion, which is a base, to form water. This type of reaction is fundamental in acid-base chemistry and is often seen when an acid is mixed with a base, offsetting their respective acidic and basic natures to produce neutral water.
Examples of neutralization reactions include the reaction of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with barium hydroxide (Sr(OH)2) to produce water and barium sulfate (SrSO4) as seen in the equation:
H2SO4 (aq) + Sr(OH)2 (aq) → 2 H2O(l) + SrSO4 (aq).