Question

Which of the following are examples of 'bad smells' in program code?

1) Duplicate code
2) Long methods
3) Large classes
4) Magic numbers

Answer 1

Bad smells in program code include duplicate code, long methods, large classes, and magic numbers.

Step-by-step explanation:

Bad smells in program code refer to code that is poorly written and can make the code difficult to read, understand, and maintain. Examples of bad smells in program code include:

1. Duplicate code: This occurs when the same or similar sections of code are repeated multiple times. It leads to code redundancy and makes maintenance and debugging more challenging.
2. Long methods: Long methods are functions or procedures that contain a large number of lines of code. They make the code harder to comprehend, debug, and modify. Ideally, methods should be short and focused on a single task.
3. Large classes: Large classes are classes that have a high number of attributes, methods, and responsibilities. They violate the principle of single responsibility and can become difficult to manage, understand, and extend.
4. Magic numbers: Magic numbers refer to hard-coded numerical values used directly in the code without any explanation or clear definition. They make the code less readable and maintainable.

Avoiding these bad smells and adhering to best practices in coding can improve the quality and maintainability of program code.