Final answer:
Racism is the term that describes the systematic discrimination that arises from the unequal power relations due to the sociopolitical domination of one race over another.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to the unequal power relations that stem from the sociopolitical domination of one race over another, leading to systematic discrimination, is racism. Racism is a belief system grounded in the perceived superiority and inferiority of races, and it manifests in both everyday interactions and the unequal distribution of privileges, resources, and power.
It includes both individual acts of prejudice and discrimination as well as systemic issues, where social and political institutions enact policies and practices that perpetuate the disadvantage of minority racial groups. This systemic aspect can be seen in institutional practices like racial profiling, underfunded schools for students of color, and socioeconomic disparities resulting from historical injustices.