Final Answer:
Formal -standard Formal, more longer sentences, infrequent use of simple words , and lack of jargon or slang.
Therefore the correct option is 4.
Step-by-step explanation:
Formal writing is characterized by its adherence to standard grammar and structure. In the given options, the correct combination is "Formal, longer, simple words, jargon."
Formal writing typically employs longer, more complex sentences, and it favors the use of precise and sophisticated vocabulary, which aligns with the choice of "longer" and "complex words." Jargon, specialized terminology used within a particular field, is common in formal writing as it enhances precision and clarity.
In formal writing, simplicity in language is achieved through the use of straightforward and clear expressions. While informal writing may involve idioms and slang, formal writing avoids such elements to maintain a professional and academic tone.
Therefore, the absence of idioms aligns with the choice of "simple words" in the correct answer. The use of jargon, on the other hand, adds a layer of specificity and technicality to the language, which is a hallmark of formal communication.
In conclusion, the characteristics of formal writing include longer sentences, a preference for simple words over idioms, and the inclusion of field-specific jargon for precision and clarity. This makes option 4 the most accurate representation of the features of formal writing.
Therefore the correct option is 4.