Final answer:
The writer of Hebrews in chapter 9 distinguishes between an earthly and a heavenly temple, emphasizing the superior significance of the latter. This concept reflects a major shift in Hebrew culture from polytheism to monotheism, especially under Persian influence.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to chapter 9 in the Epistle to the Hebrews, the writer identifies the earthly temple in Jerusalem as significantly less important compared to a heavenly temple, which the earthly temple merely represents as a "copy and shadow." This concept aligns with the writings of Philo or potentially a common source both he and the New Testament authors may have used.
This distinction reflects a broader theme in Hebrew history regarding the transition from polytheism to monotheism, which was a gradual process influenced by various leaders, prophets, and geopolitical forces, culminating in the focused worship of Yahweh and adherence to His laws, particularly during and after the period of the Persian Empire's influence.