Final answer:
James distinguishes two types of wisdom: experience and intuition, which rely on personal knowledge and innate understanding, and logic and reasoning, which depend on analytical thinking and evidence.3) Experience and intuition
Step-by-step explanation:
James contrasts two kinds of wisdom which refer to experience and intuition versus logic and reasoning. Experience and intuition involve understanding based on personal encounters and a gut feeling that leads one to believe certain truths without the need for conscious reasoning.
Conversely, logic and reasoning represent a more analytical approach to wisdom, relying on deliberate thought processes, reflection, and evidence to draw conclusions. Examples from philosophy highlight this dichotomy, with Plato emphasizing the importance of reasoning to transcend the senses and reach true wisdom, while the value of intuition is recognized in understanding complex moral truths that seem almost innate. Likewise, creativity and insight learning show the interplay between these types of wisdom, where creativity often emerges from long-term deep knowledge mixed with a risk-taking intuition, and insight learning combines past experiences with reasoning to solve problems innovatively.