Final answer:
According to Aristotle, forms are made active through a composite of matter and form. The formal cause represents the artist's vision, the material cause is the medium used, the efficient cause is the artist's skill, and the final cause is the purpose behind the creation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aristotle explained substance through a composite of matter and form. Form, much like an idea a sculptor has in mind, is the unchanging purpose or whatness informing each particular or individual instance. The sculptor's vision or idea is referred to as the formal cause, while the material cause is the medium or material used. The efficient cause is the ability and artistic skill of the sculptor, and the final cause reflects the purpose or reason behind the creation.