Final answer:
The common pattern of pre-exilic prophecy was characterized by calls for social justice, exclusive worship of Yahweh, and a critical stance towards the political and religious establishments of the time. This Prophetic Movement stood for the poor and condemned polytheism, occurring from around 750 to 550 BCE.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common pattern of pre-exilic prophecy in the Hebrew tradition can be characterized by its focus on social justice, exclusive worship of Yahweh, and opposition to the existing political and religious establishments. This Prophetic Movement emerged in the period before the Assyrian invasion of Israel through to the Babylonian Captivity of the Jews, around 750 BCE - 550 BCE. Prophets during this time called for a return to a more communal and egalitarian society and asserted that Yahweh had a special covenant with the Hebrew people.
The Prophetic Movement was particularly critical of the polytheistic tendencies of society and the neglect of the poor by the Yahwist establishment centered on the Temple of Jerusalem. The prophets were seen as champions of the downtrodden, extending their critique to both polytheism and the established political structures. In doing so, they attacked the political power structure, vilified the deviation from exclusive worship of Yahweh, and enunciated the monotheistic principle that Yahweh was the sole deity, in part as a reaction to Assyrian demands for acknowledgment of their god Ashur.
In the context of Judah, the Prophetic Movement's messages often interacted with the prevailing patterns of vassalage and rebellion, particularly during confrontations with more powerful empires such as Assyria and later the Neo-Babylonian Empire. The ultimate defeat and Babylonian Captivity in 586 BCE underscored the prophets' warnings and reshaped the identity and religion of the Hebrew people.