Final answer:
The novel 'The Watsons Go to Birmingham - 1963' is set during the era of the Civil Rights Movement, which influences its themes and the socio-political atmosphere depicted.
Step-by-step explanation:
The historical context of the novel The Watsons Go to Birmingham - 1963 is best described by the third statement: The novel occurs during the era of the Civil Rights Movement.
This was a period marked by significant social and political upheaval in the United States as African Americans and their allies fought for equal rights and against racial segregation.
The Civil Rights Movement was characterized by protests, marches, and legal challenges against discrimination, and the novel's setting within this era greatly influences its themes, characters, and events.
The story reflects the language, atmosphere, and social circumstances that were prevalent at the time.
The time period is also clearly indicated by the year 1963 in the title itself, which was a pivotal year in the movement with several significant events that shaped the country's history.