Final answer:
Parasympathetic functions include the constriction of bronchioles and stimulation of digestion, countering the sympathetic response. The correct answer is option 3).
Step-by-step explanation:
The parasympathetic functions include constriction of bronchioles. After an intense situation where the sympathetic nervous system has prepared the body to fight or flee, the parasympathetic nervous system steps in to return the body to a state of calm.
Parasympathetic functions involve slowing down the heart rate rather than stimulating it, which is contrary to the sympathetic response that increases heart rate and the force of contraction during stressful situations. Furthermore, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion after the sympathetic nervous system's effects have subsided.
The parasympathetic nervous system promotes 'rest and digest' activities, reducing the body's overall arousal state. This system maintains internal homeostasis and is essential for recovery and energy conservation.