Final answer:
The painting 'Napoleon Leading the Army over the Alps' by Kehinde Wiley is a significant equestrian portrait that idealizes and glorifies Napoleon's military accomplishments and leadership, solidifying his status alongside historical greats and reflecting artist Jacques-Louis David’s role in shaping public perception of the French leader.
Step-by-step explanation:
Significance of 'Napoleon Leading the Army over the Alps' by Kehinde Wiley
The painting 'Napoleon Leading the Army over the Alps' by Kehinde Wiley is significant for several reasons. It is an equestrian portrait that idealizes the achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte. The portrait was commissioned to commemorate Napoleon’s successful military campaign against the Austrians, culminating in the victory at the Battle of Marengo. The heroic depiction of Napoleon, astride a rearing Arabian stallion and leading his troops through the Alps, is intended to glorify his authority and military genius.
While the landscape serves as a powerful backdrop to the heroic figure, the true subject is Napoleon himself, as evidenced by the carving of his name alongside Hannibal and Charlemagne, emphasizing Napoleon’s place in history alongside other great leaders. Jacques-Louis David, the artist, incorporates symbolism to convey various messages about Napoleon's control over nature and his role in history. Notably, David idealized the scene; in reality, Napoleon crossed the Alps on a mule and would have been dressed more practically for the journey.
In 1801, David was made Premier Peintre to Napoleon, reflecting the close connection between the artist and his subject. While this painting, and subsequent works, helped secure Napoleon's public image, it also raised questions about the artist's creative freedom under such patronage. Nevertheless, 'Napoleon Crossing the Alps' remains a powerful and influential portrait, shaping how Napoleon was and still is perceived by the public.