Final answer:
African Americans at the Rochester convention, particularly during the Niagara Movement, called for equality in various aspects of life including voting rights, education, and the end of the convict lease system. These claims were part of the foundational principles that led to the creation of the NAACP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The African Americans at the Rochester convention made significant claims and calls for action that were aimed at achieving equal rights and improving the condition and treatment of Black people in the United States. During the Niagara Movement, led by W.E.B. Du Bois, the "Declaration of Principles" was drafted, demanding political, economic, and social equality, which included universal suffrage, compulsory education, and the abolition of the convict lease system. Although the Niagara Movement eventually experienced internal conflicts, particularly over the role of women in the fight for equality, it set the foundation for the eventual formation of the NAACP in 1909, a major organization in the civil rights struggle, with Du Bois actively contributing as the director of publications.