Final answer:
The Black Death killed an estimated 40% to 60% of the population in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. The pandemic had a significant impact on different regions, such as Marseille, France. There were variations in mortality rates based on age during the Black Death and subsequent outbreaks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Black Death killed an estimated 40% to 60% of the population in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa when it first struck in the mid-fourteenth century.
This pandemic is considered one of the most devastating in history, with mortality rates disproportionately affecting different regions and populations. For example, in Marseille, France, the Black Death caused a magnitude of demographic catastrophe and social disruption.
Historical evidence suggests that the young were more likely to die than the elderly, and subsequent outbreaks had different age patterns compared to the Black Death.