Final answer:
England was the first country influenced by fabliaux from France, with these humorous stories impacting English literature, particularly Chaucer's work. Portugal initiated the era of Atlantic exploration, leading to Spain establishing the first colonies in the Americas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country first influenced by fabliaux from France was England. Fabliaux, which are humorous and often ribald tales written in verse, were popular among the French peasantry and bourgeois during the 12th and 13th centuries. They were known for their satirical edge and influence on English literature, notably on Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales. England's connection and proximity to France made it the most likely first point of contact for the spread of these tales.
In terms of exploration and the influence of European nations, it is significant to know which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration. The correct answer is Portugal. Portugal paved the way for the European age of exploration with its navigational advances and expeditions down the coast of Africa. This spirit of discovery led to the establishment of the first colonies in the Americas by Spain, following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.