Final answer:
Ptolemy's Geographia included a detailed representation of the world's geography through a system of longitude and latitude, influential cartographic methods, and a geocentric cosmological model. It deeply influenced both astrological and astronomical understandings for over a millennium.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ptolemy's work Geographia included a comprehensive representation of the world's geography as it was known to Greco-Roman civilization. It provided a detailed system of longitude and latitude that allowed Ptolemy to create maps with a much higher degree of accuracy than had previously been possible. Ptolemy's work had an immense influence on how the world was viewed, and his methods in cartography were used for centuries. His geocentric theory, which posited Earth as the center of the universe, persisted in popularity until it was finally supplanted by the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus.
Building on foundations laid by earlier scholars like Eratosthenes, Ptolemy's work was not just a cartographic achievement; it was also a formidable mathematical effort. Determining the positions of planets and celestial bodies using a complex system of circles, embedding his model in the context of Greek cosmological ideas, he strived to represent reality as understood in his era. This model would continue to dominate both astrological and astronomical practices and thought for over a thousand years in various cultures.