Final answer:
Relativism asserts there are no absolute truths, with truth being relative to various frames of reference. Moral relativism and pragmatic philosophies like those of Richard Rorty deny the existence of objective truths. Logical empiricism bases truth on verifiability, while postmodernists challenge the notion of objective knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
Relativism, particularly in the context of truth and moral philosophy, is the idea that there are no absolute truths and that truth is relative to the frames of reference such as language or culture.
Moral relativism is a form of anti-realism, denying any objective or universal justification for moral beliefs, essentially claiming that moral standards are relative to individual or cultural perspectives.
Philosophers like Richard Rorty promote a form of pragmatism that rejects objective truth, suggesting that truth is whatever meets a society's criteria for justification and is accepted by the majority or those in power.
Logical empiricism, on the other hand, suggests that the truth of a proposition rests on its verifiability. Despite the diversity of views on truth and knowledge, there is a common acknowledgment among some postmodernist thinkers that traditional notions of objective and certain knowledge may be flawed or inapplicable in certain contexts.
This perspective can have far-reaching implications in discussions on ethics, science, and education, suggesting a need for tolerance and open-mindedness towards various belief systems.