Final answer:
Option C: The Copenhagen Interpretation suggests that particles exist in a superposition of multiple states until observed, at which point the wave function collapses into a definite state.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Copenhagen Interpretation proposes that particles exist in multiple states until observation. Specifically, it suggests that particles do not have definite properties or a definite state before being observed. Instead, they are in a state known as superposition, where they can be in all possible states simultaneously. It is only upon observation that the particles 'choose' a definite state, a process called the wave function collapse. Erwin Schrödinger's cat thought experiment provides a vivid illustration of this interpretation, demonstrating that until the box containing the cat is opened, one cannot tell if the cat is alive or dead, implying it is both at the same time in line with quantum superposition. Schrödinger's cat thought experiment illustrates this concept, implying the cat is both alive and dead until observed. This interpretation is part of the broader quantum mechanics framework which includes the wave-particle duality and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
Furthermore, quantum mechanics and the wave-particle duality principle suggest that particles like electrons behave both as particles and as waves, a concept that is fundamentally different from what is observed in classical mechanics. This contributes to the broad implications of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, which indicates a limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, can be known simultaneously.