Final answer:
The correct answer is option 3. The phrase 'Good name in man and woman ... / Is the immediate jewel to their soul' is an example of personification, which attributes a human quality (a jewel) to a non-human concept (a good name).
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Good name in man and woman ... / Is the immediate jewel to their soul' is an example of personification. Personification is a figurative language device where human qualities are attributed to non-human entities. In this statement, a 'good name' is given the characteristic of being a 'jewel' to one's soul, thus making it an example of personification. It suggests that a good reputation is as valuable to a person as a jewel would be, implying its precious nature which must be cared for and respected.
When examining literary devices such as metaphors and similes, it's important to notice that metaphors make direct comparisons, saying something 'is' something else, whereas similes use 'like' or 'as' to draw comparisons. Imagery and sensory language are also prevalent in literatures, evoking the five senses and painting vivid pictures in the reader's mind.
Another device, metonymy, involves representing one thing with another associated item, and synecdoche uses a part to represent the whole, or the whole to represent a part. However, neither of these apply to the statement in question. Additionally, irony, another literary device, implies a difference between the surface meaning of words and their underlying implications, which is not the case here. Therefore, based on these definitions, it is clear that the correct answer is personification.