Final answer:
Charles Calvert's first wife did not come from a Protestant family; she was from a Catholic family. This information is discernible in the discussion of Maryland's population during the time of the proprietary colony, where Protestants were ruled by a Catholic minority despite being the majority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual in the provided references who did NOT come from a Protestant family would be Charles Calvert's first wife, as she was from a Catholic family. This is evident in the excerpt from LibreTexts™ discussing the religious composition of Maryland's population during the proprietary colony period, where it is highlighted that despite the majority of the colony's population being Protestant, the control was in the hands of Charles Calvert and the Catholic minority.
Additionally, the references mention other individuals such as John Calvin, an ardent Protestant, and Jean Calvin, who was exiled for his Protestant sympathies. It's apparent from the context that the aforementioned figures were key players in the Protestant movement, thus coming from Protestant backgrounds themselves.
Religious identity and affiliations played a significant role in early American colonies and European nations, influencing social structures, policies, and the lives of immigrants in their new lands.