Final answer:
Leibniz asserted that this universe is the best of all possible worlds, a state that includes the role of evil as necessary for the greater good, from a divine perspective.
Step-by-step explanation:
Philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz argued that this universe is the best of all possible worlds. He rationalized that if humans were capable of understanding the world from an infinite perspective—or God's perspective—they would see that everything, including what we perceive as evil, contributes to the greater good of the universe. Leibniz's viewpoint suggests that while humans continue to better the world through technology, the overall design and state of the world, including its capability for improvement, are part of the pre-established divine harmony that constitutes the best possible arrangement.
Leibniz posited that even moral evil, which humans commit, is in a way necessary for the good, as it is part of the beautiful and perfect creation within the best possible world. This does not mean evil is endorsed, but rather it exists within a broader context where its role in the grand design might be justified from a divine stance. Furthermore, Leibniz’s concept of psychophysical parallelism supports the idea that mind and body, or the spiritual and material worlds, operate in a harmony established by God. Hence, technological advancements and our capacity to improve the world fit into this grand scheme, arguably enhancing, but not altering, the already 'best' world as per divine providence.