Final answer:
In honor and shame cultures, respect for authority and collectivism are prominent, while individualism is less valued. Equality is often replaced by a hierarchical social structure. The correct option is 2) Collectivism
Step-by-step explanation:
When thinking in terms of an honor and shame cultural perspective, certain characteristics can be commonly observed in such cultures. These include a heightened respect for authority, as honoring and respecting those in positions of power is often tied to the community's sense of pride and honor.
Collectivism is also a significant aspect, where the group's well-being and social harmony take precedence over individual desires, ensuring that community standards for honor are upheld.
Individualism, which emphasizes personal freedom, autonomy, and self-reliance, is typically less prominent in honor and shame cultures. Instead of equality, such cultures often have a hierarchical social structure where different levels of honor are ascribed to different positions within the society. The correct option is 2) Collectivism