Final answer:
The 'Kaddish' is the Jewish prayer for the dead, recited by mourners to glorify and sanctify God's name, making option 1) the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term Kaddish refers to the Jewish prayer for the dead, making option 1) the correct answer. The Kaddish is traditionally recited by mourners and is an important part of Jewish rituals surrounding death and remembrance. Option 2), a leader of the Jewish community, does not define the Kaddish. Option 3) refers to Shoah, which is the Hebrew term for the Holocaust, representing the systematic extermination of the Jewish people by the Nazi regime during World War II. Option 4), the book of Jewish mysticism, is commonly known as the Zohar and is not the Kaddish. The Kaddish prayer focuses on glorifying and sanctifying God's name and is recited in Aramaic, not Hebrew.
It does not mention death but is associated with mourning and reflecting on the grandeur of God in the face of loss. It is recited in Aramaic and serves as a way for mourners to praise God, express their faith, and remember the deceased. It is commonly recited during mourning and memorial services.