Final Answer:
Wikipedia's distinction between proviruses and prophages is accurate. Unlike prophages, proviruses do not excise themselves from the host genome under stress. Khan Academy's implication of interchangeability is not aligned with the established biological definitions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The distinction between proviruses and prophages is rooted in their behavior within the host genome. Wikipedia correctly asserts that proviruses, typical in retroviruses, integrate into the host genome but do not excise themselves during host cell stress. This integration is mediated by the enzyme integrase, resulting in a stable presence in the host genome.
On the other hand, prophages, often found in bacterial DNA, can undergo excision during stress, allowing them to enter a lytic cycle. Khan Academy's suggestion of interchangeability may stem from a simplified explanation for educational purposes but does not reflect the nuanced biological reality.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved is crucial. Proviral DNA integrates as a permanent part of the host genome, while prophages can exist as an episomal form or integrate reversibly. The process of excision during stress is a distinguishing feature of prophages.
Discrepancies in educational materials can arise due to varying levels of detail needed for different audiences. However, in a rigorous biological context, the terms should not be used interchangeably. This clarification helps maintain accuracy in scientific communication and ensures a precise understanding of the intricacies of viral and bacterial genetic integration.