Final answer:
Yes, the butterflies represented in the painting from the book Ehon mushi erami by Kitagawa Utamaro correspond to real species, likely swallowtail butterflies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Yes, the butterflies represented in the painting from the book Ehon mushi erami by Kitagawa Utamaro correspond to real species. The species of butterflies in the painting appear to be swallowtail butterflies. Swallowtail butterflies are known for their vibrant colors and distinctive wing shapes. While it is not possible to identify the exact species without more specific information, the inspiration for the butterflies in the painting could have come from various species of swallowtail butterflies found in Japan.